{"id":4026,"date":"2022-12-08T11:34:35","date_gmt":"2022-12-08T08:34:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/?post_type=project&p=4026"},"modified":"2022-12-12T10:24:08","modified_gmt":"2022-12-12T07:24:08","slug":"kalip-imalati","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/project\/kalip-imalati\/","title":{"rendered":"Kal\u0131p \u0130malat\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kal\u0131p Nedir?<\/strong>
G\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak kullan\u0131lan: kalem, cep telefonu, televizyon, otomobil gibi veya end\u00fcstriyel olarak kullan\u0131lan: ambalaj, aparat, makine par\u00e7as\u0131 gibi i\u00e7eri\u011finde metal veya plastik madde bulunan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin seri \u00fcretimini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lan, mekanik bir d\u00fczlemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7o\u011fu ki\u015finin haberdar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kal\u0131p ve kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada \u00fclkelerinde teknoloji ve ekonominin taban\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her g\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cep telefonu, televizyon, klima, otomobil gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin t\u00fcm plastik ve metal par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n her birinin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 kal\u0131p yard\u0131m\u0131yla seri \u00fcretiminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde kal\u0131p \u00fcretiminin teknolojideki ve ekonomideki yerini anlamam\u0131z kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sizce s\u0131radan bir otomobilde ka\u00e7 adet farkl\u0131 plastik \u00fcr\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmakta? K\u0131saca hat\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z: \u00f6n ve arka tamponlar, \u00f6n ve arka farlar, koltuk \u00fcst\u00fcnde ve alt\u0131ndaki plastik mekanizma, kap\u0131 kollarl\u0131, sigara k\u00fcll\u00fckleri, \u00f6n ve arka paneller, havaland\u0131rma sistemlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131\u2026 diye uzay\u0131p giden bir s\u00fcr\u00fc plastik \u00fcr\u00fcn ve par\u00e7a. Bu \u00f6rne\u011fi televizyon, cep telefonu, klima, bilgisayar, buzdolab\u0131\u2026 gibi t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. \u0130\u015fte bu \u00fcr\u00fcn ve par\u00e7alar\u0131n her biri kal\u0131p vas\u0131tas\u0131yla seri olarak \u00fcretime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmekte ve otomotiv gibi kompleks bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fcretilmekte. \u00dcretilen her bir plastik malzeme ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 olarak da far, tampon gibi yedek par\u00e7a piyasas\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmekte. T\u00fcm bunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fcr\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn teknoloji ve \u00fcretim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemini veya parasal a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirme yaparsak kal\u0131p imalat\u0131n\u0131n ekonomi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemini buluruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Terimleri Hakk\u0131nda:<\/strong>
Plastik ve metal materyallerin seri \u00fcretimini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kal\u0131p \u00fcretmek kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Kal\u0131p \u00fcretiminde vas\u0131fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131, kal\u0131p \u00fcretimini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren firmalara kal\u0131p \u00fcreticisi, e\u011fitim, hizmet, \u00fcretim ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n hepsine de genel olarak kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131p \u00dcretimi: <\/strong>
\u00dcretilmek istenen plastik veya metal materyalin fikir a\u015famas\u0131ndan seri \u00fcretiminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre\u00e7 kal\u0131p \u00fcretimidir. Nihai \u00fcr\u00fcne do\u011frudan etki yapmas\u0131yla kal\u0131p imalat\u0131 olduk\u00e7a hassas ve teknik i\u015f\u00e7ilik gerektiren, ileri teknoloji yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla bilgisayar ortam\u0131nda modelleme, \u00e7izim ve i\u015fleme gerektiren, 1 mm.\u2019nin 0,005 oran\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u011fe \u015fekil veren CNC (Computer Numerical Control) makinelerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcr\u00fcn tasar\u0131m\u0131 kal\u0131p \u00fcretiminin ilk a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada somut olarak bir \u00fcr\u00fcn yoktur. \u0130stenilen \u00f6zelliklerde ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bitmi\u015f hali 3D CAD m\u00fchendislik uygulamalar\u0131yla bilgisayar ortam\u0131nda tasarlan\u0131r. \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hata paylar\u0131 ve bitmi\u015f halinin 3 boyutlu teknik resimleri olu\u015fturulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haz\u0131rlanan 3D Cad verileriyle kal\u0131p imalat\u0131 somut olarak ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce \u00fcretici firmaya baz \u00f6rnek\/prototip haz\u0131rlanarak incelemeye sunulur. \u00dcretici firma eksik noktalar\u0131 tespit edip gerekli ilave isteklerini ileterek seri \u00fcretime haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda onay verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcretici firmadan al\u0131nan onayla birlikte gerekli d\u00fczeltmeler yap\u0131larak Cad\/Cam i\u015flemleri tamamlan\u0131r. Kal\u0131b\u0131n ana g\u00f6vdesini olu\u015fturan \u00e7ekirdek k\u0131sm\u0131 veya merkez k\u0131sm\u0131 CNC, Freze, Torna, Erezyon, gibi makinelerde kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k bilgisi olan operat\u00f6rler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenir. \u00c7ekirdek par\u00e7a ve k\u0131s\u0131mlar i\u015flenirken teknik personel kal\u0131p \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini denetleyerek kal\u0131b\u0131n mekanik i\u015fleyi\u015fini yerine getirecek olan ma\u00e7alar, iticiler, kolon pimleri gibi mekanizmay\u0131 paralel olarak haz\u0131rlar. T\u00fcm bu i\u015flemlerin bitiminde kal\u0131p; parlatma, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem vs gibi i\u015flemlere tabi tutulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nihayetinde kal\u0131p, t\u00fcm bu end\u00fcstriyel par\u00e7alar\u0131n birle\u015fmesiyle a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanacak \u015fekilde mekanik yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fur. \u00dcretim s\u00fcreci biten kal\u0131p teslime haz\u0131r hale getirilerek \u00fcretici firmaya teslim edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metal Enjeksiyon:<\/strong>
Temel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi plastik enjeksiyon makinesiyle ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn metal oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00fcretilen kal\u0131p, hammaddesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sistemi ve so\u011futma sistemi farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131p \u00dcretiminin D\u00fcnya Piyasas\u0131: <\/strong>
\u00dcretim s\u00fcreci oluk\u00e7a teferruatl\u0131, hassas, teknik i\u015f\u00e7ilikli, a\u011f\u0131r sanayi makinelerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren ve \u00e7ok fonksiyonlu oldu\u011fundan, kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve kal\u0131p imalat\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her \u00fclkesinde y\u00fcksek maliyetli bir hizmettir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anonim kaynaklardan elde edilen verilere g\u00f6re \u00c7in\u2019den kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flamak sadece \u00e7ok say\u0131da ithal etmek d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda daha maliyetli olmu\u015ftur. Bunun en \u00f6nemli nedeni ise \u00c7in\u2019deki \u00e7elik maliyetlerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye oranla olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve istikrarl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkemize k\u0131yasla \u00c7in\u2019deki enerji kullan\u0131m maliyeti, demir ve \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin maliyeti, en az i\u015f\u00e7iyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den daha otomasyon ve daha organize \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sayesinde birim ba\u015f\u0131na maliyet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Fakat navlun\/nakliye, nitelikli i\u015f\u00e7ilik maliyeti sebepleriyle kal\u0131plar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye getirilmesinde birim maliyeti y\u00fckselmekte ve sabit maliyetler kal\u0131p adetlerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda fiyat T\u00fcrkiye piyasas\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 kalmakta veya \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stisnai durum ancak \u00e7ok say\u0131da ithal etmekle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. De\u011fi\u015fken olmayan maliyet unsurlar\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da ithal edilen kal\u0131ba b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne birim maliyet d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in kal\u0131p ba\u015f\u0131 maliyet de d\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zetle \u00c7in ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki kal\u0131p \u00fcretiminin avantajlar\u0131 sadece f\u0131rsat maliyeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da kal\u0131p sipari\u015fi ile de\u011fi\u015fkendir. Her iki \u00fclkede de kal\u0131p \u00fcretimi ve kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc kendi yurt i\u00e7i pazarlar\u0131nda k\u0131yaslamalara tabi tutuldu\u011funda arada \u00e7ok fark oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 k\u0131yaslama bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde yap\u0131lacak olursa: bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinin, \u00fclkemizden avantajlar\u0131 \u00e7elik ve hammadde maliyetinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131, enerji maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kal\u0131p imalat\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan nitelikli i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fin maliyeti \u00fclkemize k\u0131yasla bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fundan kal\u0131p ba\u015f\u0131 birim maliyeti \u00fclkemizden daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki kal\u0131p taleplerinin bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerine \u00e7evrilmesindeki tek neden; kal\u0131p \u00fcretiminin kaliteli olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim \u00fclkemizdeki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretim firmalar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131p \u00fcretimi ve kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k gibi end\u00fcstriyel hizmetlerini bir d\u00f6nem kalite sebepleriyle yo\u011fun olarak Avrupa \u00fclkelerinden ald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir yap\u0131da bulunmamas\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn bir b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde ihtiya\u00e7 ve hedeflerinin belirlenmemesi gibi sebeplerle \u00fcretim beklenen potansiyelin alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kal\u0131p Nedir?G\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak kullan\u0131lan: kalem, cep telefonu, televizyon, otomobil gibi veya end\u00fcstriyel olarak kullan\u0131lan: ambalaj, aparat, makine par\u00e7as\u0131 gibi i\u00e7eri\u011finde metal veya plastik madde bulunan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin seri \u00fcretimini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lan, mekanik bir d\u00fczlemdir. \u00c7o\u011fu ki\u015finin haberdar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kal\u0131p ve kal\u0131p\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada \u00fclkelerinde teknoloji ve ekonominin taban\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Her g\u00fcn …
Continue reading Kal\u0131p \u0130malat\u0131<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4066,"template":"","project_category":[],"class_list":["post-4026","project","type-project","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/4026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"project_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efekalip.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project_category?post=4026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}